Piston ring



y 19, 1931. H'. BLOMGREN 1,806,143

PISTON RING Filed March 14, 1923 l4 x I 1 15591375. B/oryrerz,

' gaging the sides of Patented May 19, 1931 HENRY E. BLOMGREN,OFJBROOKLYN, NEW

ASSIGNMENTS, TO 'THE SIMPLEX PISTON YORK, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT: AND MESNERING COMPANY OF AMERICh, INQ, OF

CLEVELAND, OHIO, A coRroRATIoNoF OHIO: ,7 V

rIsToN RING- i Application filed March 14, i923. Serial no.'e24;9eo.

This is a continuation in part of my pendingapplication, Serial#531,559, filed January th,1922. r

The inventionhas for an object to efiect improvements in piston ringsused ordinarlly in'internal combustion engines having reciprocatingpistons, and particularly rings of that type in which two side portionsenthe piston groove are compressible longitudinally of the piston, inaddition to the ring having the function of expanding radially againstthe cylinder.

' It is a particular purpose to provide a one- 'piece ring which willdevelop by compression, or by expansion and contraction of meta1,relativemovement in'the side portions of a rotary character. A furtheraim is to provide such a ringnwhich will have attendency to rotatebodily on the piston, especially the direct path provided following byreason of the relative or compression movement of the opposite sideportions' In the operation of ordinary internal combustion'engineshaving pistons fitted with split rings, it has been found that byfriction, or the impact of gases, or both, the rings in some instanceschange position by a rotary movement on the piston, and often the splitsin all the rings of a piston will become positioned in the samelongitudinal element or line ofthe periphery of the piston, and soremain, with resultant rapid leakage of gas under'compression because offor such escapei Astill further object of importance is f t-o soconstruct rings that theymay be-arranged so that mutually adjacent ringswill rotate in opposite directions, thus obviating the liability of thesplits becoming lined up aslast mentioned. I

Additional "objects, advantages and features of invention may beapparent from the description and from' the drawings, wherein,

Figure 1 is a sidev elevation of a ring constructed inaccordance withmy. invention,

Fig; 1a is a modified 3 Fig. 2 is a top view of Fig. 3 is a sideelevation the first mentioned form of rings incorform thereof, my rlng,

i porated thereon, a

of' a piston having 'Fig. 1. In

if desired. This ring may also be formed of approximately the samematerials heretofore V employed in solid rings of this general contour;It is also contemplated to make the split or joint of greaterinclination than here 'tofore, whereby, owing to the greater area in theopposed'surfaces at the split, when 'oil isinterposed, there will begreater resistance to leakage of gases therethrough than in thejshortcut style of ring; he ring comprises a seal. body having formed thereina multiplicity of elongated slots 13, which extend diagonally fromclosely adjacent one side of the ring to a correspondingposition-adjacent the other 'sidefand opening through both the innersurface and the outer or peripheral surface of the ring. The end of eachslot lies'intermediately of the length'of' the one next adjacent in thatdirection, excepting at'the ends of the ring wherejone slot moreextended part of the ring, vwhilea -short slot 13 is formed openingthrough the end of'the ring having a position with respect to' theadjacent slot corresponding ,to

the positions oflike parts'of other slots '(see venlng attenuatedpartition is formed which may be readily flexed. The top'and bottom sideportions of the ring are thus supported at frequent intervals, andtheyare alsogiven a measure of rigidity by reason of the thickenedpartswhich'occur between the mutually adjacent ends of the slots. The metalof the said side portions will thus not bend readily. Preferably, theends on the ring'are formed with the same inclination as the slots, asin a ring having a peripheral face at each side stops close-to theelevation ofa further modipractice, and is adaptable'to V The split ormiter 15 of the ring is formed at the sameinclination as theslots,;andithe next adjacent slots at each side are spaced :about thesame distance from the split as there .is between the slots.

In the use of this ring, it may be readily compressed manually forentrance to the about one one-thousandth .of an inch .wider thanthegroove in which i tflis.to ]oe.used, so that it requires slightcompression for en- Itranceto the groove. In:applying,l.it may .beslipped over the piston in the customarymanner,and when positionedover-the grooveinto which it .is tolbe 'litted, it may be compressedeither manually or .by means of pliers, .fo entrance tothe groove. 1

In the compression of the ring, .onerside will be .given a slight rotaryinovementrelativelytothe other, andthis will .be of value incausingringsto creep in the grooves and Wear toa snug and continuousbearingnpon thesides of the piston grooves bytthe working which will occurincident t0.u-se.of'the rings, .either by gas pressure, .vibration,zorexpansion and contraction of the metal in the diagon al parts.:Al-so,-the inclination. of .these parts will. have an effectin therotation of the rings by frictional engagement with the walls ofthecylinder.

If it is desired to vary theiresistan-ce of the :ring to compression,this is preferably .atltainedlby increasing or-decreasingi theznu nberofslots and their-resultant .spacing, al- :though :change in length andinclination nor variation of the widthof-theaslotsmay be .utilized-tothesameend. I

iln making up sets of these rings. for retail sale, one or more ringsare inadewith-their inclined elements extending in different directions,and preferably opposite .directions,

from like elements of the other ringsyso-that 'acent rings "on s the.same piston i may .Joe arranged to creep or rotateinnppositedi-rections, as in i'g.- 3. This rotary movement will notofcoursebe rapid, and will involve but slight wear, but still besuflicient' tor-prevent freezing by 'carbon accumulation: andtoinaintai-n a smooth continuous bearing.

This arrangement will tend to prevent'the splitsof adjacent ringsSfromJ-remaining in line for any. extended period in case the rings pbecome-so wornas to permit; leakage through .the split. V

a It: may be found-1 desirable ;to= modify the structure .ofhe ring asindicatedlin'Fig. 4, WlflBIQtllGSlQtS 14; extend entirely through :one

i i side of the ri ng,-=andwouldpreferablyibe ajdremedied .orsconserved.

grooves of a piston and is preferablyformed thickness in .a radialdirection; said slits be- 5' ,i-ng, disposed in planes intersecting theplane justed in the piston so as to effect'the retention of more or lessoil than is held by the ordinary ring. Thus, by adjusting the open endsof the slots toward the head of the pistonmore oil willbe fedto theupperwalls of the cylinder, while i'f the open :ends of the slots aredirected toward the skirt less oil Willbe retained. Thus excessive ordeficient :oil .supply to particular cylinders may be 1.. A packing ringcomprising a bodyconstructed to be fitted in the groove of a piston orthe like, and having a multiplicity of longgitudinally arranged slotstherein opening 0 throughthe inner andouter faces of the ring,

and extending in overlapped relation. a, con;- siderable distancecircumferentially from. adjacentone side of the ,ring to ,a like pointadj acentthe opposite side, wherebytwo con- .tinuousgroovefittingparts/and intervening integral flexible elements are formed extend: ingdiagonally from one .side part to the other .of .the ring and -yieldableto longitudinal primaryacompression forces for {the purposes indicated.7 l i 2. Amingfor the purpose'sgdescribed-coin: prising a body portionformed with continuous ,groovewall fitting ,parts .and inclined elementsextending therebetween .yieldable .35 tonormal primary. compression;forces acting longitudinally of a. pis ton,whereby creepingaction.may-'devel0p.

.A split packing ring provided a series 50f slits extending through itsentire 1 thickness,-each-slit .ofsaidseries-being. closed .at'both ends,said 'sliitsbein-gedisposed in planes inclined; to the I planev of thering, the

arrangement of-the slits relatively to one. an;

.otherl'being such as tov make the ring axially compressible. daAspl'tpacking ringprovided witha series .of;-sli ts extending through its.entire thickness in a. radialdirection, said .sli'ts'be win-g disposedin planesainclined to the ring A and being closed at both ends. 5

5. A isplit packing ring provided with .a circtunferential-ly extendingseries of slits,

said slits being closed at both ends .and in- 'cl ined to the axisof thering, onerendof -each 4, slitofrthe series overlapping .an end of; thenextadjacentslitofthe-series. 1

i6. A split pack'ng ring provided with a series of slits extendingthrough-its.ientire --with slits:exten'dingthrongh its entireradialthickness to render it axially-compressible,

said slits being inclined to the-i'pla-necoftl e ring, certain of saidslits extending into the overlapped end portions of the ring.

8. A packing ring having a gap at one point, the ends of the ringoverlapping at the gap to break the joint, the ring being provided Withslits extending through its radial thickness and staggered relatively toone another to render the ring axially elastic, some at least of saidslits being inclined to the plane of the ring, the endmost slitsstopping short of the gap so that the extreme ends of the ring aresolid.

9. A one-piece spring piston ring having overlapped slots elongated inthe direction of the circumference of the ring, extending through thering in a radial direction, the slots being parallel and inclined to aradial plane at right angles to'the axis and overlapped for aconsiderable portion of their length.

10. A one-piece split spring piston ring having overlapped slotselongated in the direction of the circumference of the ring, extendingthrough the ring in a radial direction, the slots being parallel andinclined to a radial plane at right angles to the axis and overlappedfor a considerable portion of their length, the slots extendingthroughout the length of the ring and to and through the circumferentialends of the ring.

11. A one-piece split spring piston ring having a series of overlappedslots elongated in the direction of the circumference of the ringextending through the ring in a radial direction, the slots beingslightly inclined to a radial plane at right angles to the axis andoverlapped for a considerable portion of their length, the series ofoverlapping slots extending the entire circumferential length of thering.

In testimony whereof I have afi'ixed my signature.

HENRY E. BLOMGREN.

